The World Was All Before Them
Pachinko · Pronunciation Guide
Pachinko

Pronunciation Guide

Names in Pachinko are romanized from Korean or Japanese, depending on the world a character moves through. The respellings below approximate the sounds for English readers; the stressed syllable is marked in teal.

One surname, often hidden

The family surname Baek (백) runs through Isak, Noa, Mozasu, and Solomon. Japanese society and the use of pass-names (tsūmei) repeatedly obscure it, which is ultimately part of its thematic significance in the novel as a whole.

First generation

The Busan family

선자

Sunja

SOON-jah

Daughter of a Busan boardinghouse keeper; the figure the novel follows across its generations.

훈이

Hoonie

HOON-ee

Sunja’s father; a gentle fisherman’s son born with a cleft palate and a twisted foot.

양진

Yangjin

YANG-jin

Sunja’s mother, who runs the family boardinghouse after her husband.

The move to Osaka

The Baek family

백이삭

Isak (Baek Isak)

EE-sahk surname BEHK

A young Protestant minister from Pyongyang who lodges with the Busan family.

요셉

Yoseb

YO-sep

Isak’s older brother, already settled and working in Osaka.

경희

Kyunghee

KYUNG-hee

Yoseb’s wife; warm, devout, and childless.

Around the family

Connected to the family

고한수

Hansu (Koh Hansu)

HAHN-soo surname KOH

A worldly, well-connected businessman originally from Jeju Island.

김창호

Kim Changho

kim CHANG-ho

A restaurant manager in Osaka who becomes important to the family’s livelihood.

The sons

The second generation

노아

Noa

NOH-ah

Sunja’s elder son; studious, reserved, and anxious to belong.

モーザス

Mozasu

MOH-jah-soo

Sunja’s younger son; spirited and practical. The name renders the biblical Moses.

ユミ

Yumi

YOO-mee

A skilled seamstress in Osaka; part of Mozasu’s adult life.

Later generations

The third & fourth generations

ソロモン

Solomon (Baek)

SOL-oh-mun surname BEHK

Mozasu’s son, raised in comfort the earlier generations never knew.

Phoebe

FEE-bee

A Korean American woman in Solomon’s adult life.

エツコ

Etsuko

EH-tsoo-koh

A Japanese woman close to Mozasu in the later sections.

ハナ

Hana

HAH-nah

Etsuko’s teenage daughter.

Osaka

Community & workplace

ゴロー

Goro

GOH-roh

A successful, generous pachinko-parlor owner who employs Mozasu.

春樹

Haruki Totoyama

hah-ROO-kee toh-toh-YAH-mah

A childhood friend of Mozasu’s from the uniform shop, later a police detective.

Glossary

Key terms — Korean & Japanese

在日

Zainichi

zah-EE-nee-chee

Literally “residing in Japan”; the term for Koreans in Japan and their descendants.

パチンコ

pachinko

pah-CHEEN-koh

A pinball-like arcade gambling game; the parlor industry many Zainichi entered.

創氏改名

sōshi-kaimei

SOH-shee KY-may

The colonial-era policy pressuring Koreans to adopt Japanese-style names.

通名

tsūmei

TSOO-may

A Japanese “pass-name” used in daily life in place of one’s Korean name.

猪飼野

Ikaino

ee-KY-noh

The Korean neighborhood in Osaka where much of the novel is set.

제사

jesa

JEH-sah

The Korean ancestral memorial rite honoring the family dead.

han

hahn

A Korean concept of deep, accumulated sorrow and endurance.

한복

hanbok

HAHN-bok

Traditional Korean dress.